Tool Independent Teaching Methods

工具獨立性教學法，是指可以用任何的軟體，達成一件整合性的作品。

教學方法強調先有目標，再選擇工具的適當功能以完成作品。而非只教授單一工具、按軟體功能排列的教學。

工具獨立性教學法強調的是「數位科技對文化創意的整體應用」，而不僅是軟體的使用技術。

	Techniques	Technology
Metaphor	Like a private knows	Like a commanding officer knows
knows about	Shooting a rifle	More tactics and strategy to win the war
Knowledge is	The skills	The reasoning
Examples
Hard copy editing tool	PE3	Character based
	Word	Graphics based
Animation tool	Hyper card	Card based
	PowerPoint	Objects based
	GIF animator	Files based
	Premiere	Time based
Database tool	File manager	Hierarchical model
	Phase out	Networking model
	Access, SQL	Relational model
Web editing tool	HTML	Command language level
	FrontPage	Object-oriented level